Neuro Linguistic Programming

Tarikh      : 24 September 2011

Tempat    : Dewan Seri Kenangan, SMK Seafield

Matlamat : Memberi pendedahan kepada guru untuk melihat

                 sejauh mana gerak geri dalaman terhadap

                 persekitaran.

Neuro-linguistic programming (NLP) is an approach to psychotherapy and organizational change based on "a model of interpersonal communication chiefly concerned with the relationship between successful patterns of behaviour and the subjective experiences (esp. patterns of thought) underlying them" and "a system of alternative therapy based on this which seeks to educate people in self-awareness and effective communication, and to change their patterns of mental and emotional behaviour".

The co-founders, Richard Bandler and linguist John Grinder

John Grinder

John Grinder, Ph.D., is an American linguist, author, management consultant, trainer and speaker. Grinder is credited with the co-creation with Richard Bandler of the field of Neuro-linguistic programming. He is co-director of Quantum Leap Inc., a management consulting firm founded by his partner...

Richard Bandler

Richard Wayne Bandler is an American author and trainer in the fields of alternative psychology and of self-help. He is best known as the co-inventor of Neuro-linguistic programming , a collection of concepts and techniques intended to understand and change human behavior-patterns...

, believed that NLP would be useful in "finding ways to help people have better, fuller and richer lives". They coined the term "Neuro-Linguistic Programming" to emphasize their belief in a connection between the neurological processes ("neuro"), language ("linguistic") and behavioral patterns that have been learned through experience ("programming") and can be organized to achieve specific goals in life.

In early workshops by Bandler and Grinder and in books that followed, it was often claimed that through the use of NLP, problems especially phobias could be overcome in a single short session whereas traditional therapies would have taken weeks, or even months of regular sessions to make progress. It was claimed that NLP was capable of addressing the full range of problems that psychologists are likely to encounter, such as phobia

Phobia

A phobia is defined as a persistent fear of an object or situation in which the sufferer commits to great lengths in avoiding despite the fear, typically disproportional to the actual danger posed, often being recognized as irrational...

s, depression, habit disorder, psychosomatic illness

Psychosomatic illness

Psychosomatic medicine is an interdisciplinary medical field studying the relationships of social, psychological, and behavioral factors on bodily processes and well-being in humans and animals...

es, and learning disorders. It also espoused the potential for self-determination through overcoming learned limitations and emphasized well-being and healthy functioning. Later, it was promoted as a "science of excellence", derived from the study or "modeling" of how successful or outstanding people in different fields obtain their results. Bandler and Grinder claimed that if the effective patterns of behaviour of outstanding therapists (and other exceptional communicators) could be modeled then these patterns could be acquired by others.

NLP has been largely ignored by conventional social science in part due to a lack of professional credibility and insufficient empirical evidence to substantiate its effectiveness, and is characterized by critics as a fringe or cargo cult psychotherapy. NLP is seen from certain scientific, linguistic, and neuroscience perspectives as having a pseudo-scientific name, concepts, terminology, and characteristics. NLP is used as an example of pseudo-science for facilitating the teaching of scientific literacy at the professional and university level. NLP also appears on consensus based expert-derived lists of discredited therapies and interventions.